Title: Physeo Anki Decks / 04 - Biochemistry / 05 - Metabolism / Section 20.03 - Niacin (B3)

Q: [vitamin] production requires [vitamin] and pyridoxine
A: Niacin; riboflavin
Extra: Adding flavor to nightstick and licking it = Niacin production requires riboflavin

Q: Niacin production requires the vitamin, [vitamin] and Riboflavin
A: pyridoxine (B_6)
Extra: Pyramid of 6 works = Niacin requires pyridoxine (B_6)

Q: Niacin is derived from the [amino acid]
A: tryptophan
Extra: Tree character tripping into fan bladers = Niacin is derived from tryptophan

Q: Niacin deficiency causes [...] of sun-exposed limbs
A: hyperpigmentation
Extra: Goblin being held high in the sky and getting sunburnt = Niacin deficiency causes hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed limbs

Q: [Condition] is caused by an inability to reabsorb [amino acid] causing a niacin deficiency
A: Hartnup disease; tryptophan
Extra: "No tripping" sign = Low tryptophan can be caused by Hartnup disease
Tryptophan is not absorbed by intestines and gets excreted in the urine = ↓ tryptophan = niacin deficiency

Q: Patients with a niacin deficiency can clinically present with [oral sign]
A: glossitis
Extra: Goblin with slivers on his tongue from tree character = Niacin deficiency causes glossitis

Q: Clinical features of Niacin deficiency include:
1.) [bowel motility]
2.) Dermatitis
3.) Dementia
4.) Hyperuricemia
5.) Hyperglycemia
6.) Facial flushing
A: Diarrhea
Extra: Goblins getting out of muddy river = Niacin deficiency can cause diarrhea

Q: Niacin deficiency can be treated with [supplementation]
A: nicotinic acid supplementation
Extra: Goblin with nicotine patch = Treat niacin deficiency with nicotinic acid supplementation

Q: Niacin deficiency can be treated with a [diet] to obtain more [amino acid]
A: high protein diet; tryptophan
Extra: Goblin holding a big piece of meat = Treat niacin deficiency with a high protein diet to obtain more tryptophan

Q: [...] is also called [...]
A: Niacin; vitamin B_3
Extra: Throne shaped like the number 3 = Vitamin B_3 (Niacin)

Q: Patients can avoid the [...] associated with niacin excess by taking [drug]
A: facial flushing; aspirin
Extra: Goblin holding an aspirin and not impressed by the prostitute = Prevent facial flushing with aspirin
Aspirin (NSAIDs) are COX inhibitis → Decreased prostaglandins → no flushing

Q: Clinical features of Niacin deficiency include:
1.) Diarrhea
2.) [skin condition]
3.) Dementia
4.) Hyperuricemia
5.) Hyperglycemia
6.) Facial flushing
A: Dermatitis (collar-like)
Extra: Goblin getting a rash along his neck from tree character = Niacin deficiency can cause dermatitis in collar-like distribution

Q: Clinical features of Niacin deficiency include:
1.) Diarrhea
2.) Dermatitis (collar-like)
3.) [cognition]
4.) Hyperuricemia
5.) Hyperglycemia
6.) Facial flushing
A: Dementia
Extra: Delirious and disoriented globins = Niacin deficiency can cause dementia

Q: Clinical features of Niacin deficiency include:
1.) Diarrhea
2.) Dermatitis (collar-like)
3.) Dementia
4.) [uric acid level]
5.) Hyperglycemia
6.) Facial flushing
A: Hyperuricemia
Extra: King with red, splintered big toe = Hyperuricemia

Q: Clinical features of Niacin deficiency include:
1.) Diarrhea
2.) Dermatitis (collar-like)
3.) Dementia
4.) Hyperuricemia
5.) [serum glucose level]
6.) Facial flushing
A: Hyperglycemia
Extra: King eating bag of sugar = Hyperglycemia

Q: Clinical features of Niacin deficiency include:
1.) Diarrhea
2.) Dermatitis (collar-like)
3.) Dementia
4.) Hyperuricemia
5.) Hyperglycemia
6.) [face appearance]
A: Facial flushing
Extra: King blusing before prostitute = Niacin can cause facial flushing due to increased prostaglandins

Q: Niacin is used to treat [...] by [effect onVLDL] and by increasing HDL
A: dyslipidemia; decreasing VLDL
Extra: Tree characters getting beaten by nightsticks, producing fatty-appearing sap = Niacin treats dyslipidemia by lowering VLDL

Q: Niacin is used to treat dyslipidemia by decreasing VLDL and by [effect on HDL]
A: increasing HDL
Extra: Tree characters dense and strong after nightstick beating = Niacin treats dyslipidemia by increasing HDL